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Manufacturers
Manufacturers who have manufacturing facilities and generate production waste, as well as importers or brand owners of electronic and electrical products. They are a key stakeholder, especially in the context of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) which is the new paradigm in waste management. The OECD defines EPR as an environmental policy approach in which a producer’s responsibility for a product is extended to the post consumer stage of the product’s life cycle, including its final disposal. Producer Responsibility Organisations (PROs) are commonly formed to assume the collective responsibility of the industry as a whole, to reduce the complexities for each manufacturer.
Relevant organisations:
Users
Corporate users are those who individually generate large quantities of e-waste annually. Currently, business users either donate their discarded but working equipment to charitable organizations or auction them as scrap. However, Custom Bonded goods, especially in the case of IT companies, has to be stored till cleared by the authorities for disposal as scrap.
Individual household consumers generate small quantities of e-waste every year, but the total volume is huge given the sheer size of the market. Toxics Link estimates that Individual households account for 22% of junk computers in India . Currently, these are exchanged for new appliances, or sold to door-to-door scrap collectors.
Relevant organisations:
Recyclers
Formal e-waste recyclers are in a nascent stage, with the first ones being established in Bangalore. Currently, the collection, dismantling and recovery are done entirely by a well established network in the informal sector. Even though the sector creates substantial value add, especially by collecting and repairing disused equipment, some recovery process employed are extremely dangerous.
Relevant organisations:
E-Parisara, Bangalore
Policy-makers & Legislators
Policy makers, legislators and government authorities drafting and implementing environmental legislation are important stakeholders at both the national and state level. The central ministry also has the task of liaising with other ministries, such as the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance to ensure harmonised laws.
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